Important Terms about DNA

✨DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid.

✨DNA is a molecule that contains genetic information.

✨DNA is located in the nucleus of cells.

✨DNA is a double-stranded helix structure.

✨The four nucleotides that make up DNA are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.

✨Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine in DNA.

✨The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the genetic code.

✨The genetic code contains instructions for the development, function, and reproduction of living organisms.

✨DNA replication is the process by which cells make copies of DNA.

✨DNA replication occurs before cell division.

✨Mutations in DNA can occur due to errors during DNA replication or exposure to mutagens.

✨Mutations can cause changes in the genetic code, which can lead to genetic disorders.

✨DNA can be damaged by environmental factors such as radiation and chemicals.

✨DNA repair mechanisms exist in cells to fix damaged DNA.

✨DNA profiling is a technique used to identify individuals based on their DNA.

✨DNA profiling is commonly used in forensic science.

✨DNA sequencing is the process of determining the order of nucleotides in DNA.

✨The Human Genome Project was a collaborative effort to sequence the entire human genome.

✨The human genome contains approximately 3 billion base pairs.

✨The human genome is made up of about 20,000-25,000 genes.

✨Genes are segments of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins.

✨Proteins are the building blocks of cells and are involved in many biological processes.

✨Gene expression is the process by which the information in genes is used to make proteins.

✨Gene regulation is the process by which cells control when and how genes are expressed.

✨Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression that are not caused by changes in the DNA sequence.

✨Epigenetic changes can be caused by environmental factors such as diet and stress.

✨DNA technology has revolutionized fields such as medicine and agriculture.

✨Genetic engineering is the process of modifying the DNA of an organism.

✨CRISPR/Cas9 is a revolutionary DNA editing tool that allows precise modifications to be made to DNA.

✨DNA vaccines use genetic material from a virus to produce an immune response.