1. Bread: 

Bread has been a staple food in many cultures for thousands of years, dating back to ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It was often used as a symbol of sustenance and has since become a ubiquitous part of many diets worldwide.

2. Rice: 

Rice is one of the most widely consumed foods in the world and has been a staple food in many Asian countries for thousands of years. It is also an important part of many African and South American cuisines.

3. Potatoes: 

Potatoes originated in South America and were introduced to Europe in the 16th century. They quickly became a staple food in many European countries and eventually spread to other parts of the world.

4. Spices: 

Spices have played an important role in the history of many cultures, particularly in the Middle East, India, and Southeast Asia. They were once used as currency and played a significant role in the spice trade.

5. Tea: 

Tea has been consumed in China for thousands of years and has since become an important part of many other cultures around the world, particularly in the United Kingdom and other parts of Europe.

6. Chocolate: 

Chocolate has a long history in Mesoamerican cultures, where it was consumed as a bitter drink. It was later introduced to Europe and eventually became a popular sweet treat.

7. Wine: 

Wine has been a part of human culture for thousands of years, with evidence of wine production dating back to ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It has since become an important part of many cultures and cuisines worldwide.

8. Fish: 

Fish has been a staple food in many coastal cultures for thousands of years, particularly in countries such as Japan, Norway, and Peru.

9. Meat: 

Meat has played an important role in many cultures throughout history, particularly in nomadic and pastoral societies where it was an important source of protein and nutrients.

10. Corn: 

Corn has been an important crop in many cultures throughout history, particularly in the Americas where it was a staple food for indigenous populations. It was later introduced to Europe and has since become an important crop worldwide.

Adaptations in humans refer to the biological, cultural, and behavioral changes that have occurred over time in response to environmental challenges. These adaptations can be grouped into several types:

Physical Adaptations: 

These adaptations refer to the changes in the body structure of humans. For instance, the human body has adapted to different climates, such as the ability to sweat to cool the body in hot climates or shiver to generate heat in cold climates. Another example is the development of dark skin pigmentation to protect against the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation in regions with high sun exposure.

Cultural Adaptations: 

These adaptations refer to the way humans have adapted their behavior and lifestyles to cope with environmental challenges. Examples include the development of agriculture, which allowed for a reliable food source, and the construction of shelter to protect against extreme weather.

Behavioral Adaptations: 

These adaptations refer to the changes in human behavior that have allowed for survival in various environments. For example, the development of communication through language allowed for the exchange of information, which was crucial for the survival of early humans.

Physiological Adaptations: 

These adaptations refer to the changes in the functioning of the human body that have occurred in response to environmental challenges. For instance, the ability of high-altitude natives to survive at high altitudes due to changes in their respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Overall, adaptations in humans have allowed us to survive and thrive in various environments and challenges throughout our history.