There are several types of planets in our solar system and beyond, each with its unique characteristics and properties. Here are some of the most common types of planets:

Terrestrial planets: 

Terrestrial planets are also known as rocky planets and are characterized by their solid, dense surfaces. They are typically smaller in size than gas giants and are composed primarily of rock and metal. The four terrestrial planets in our solar system are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars.

Gas giants: 

Gas giants are also known as Jovian planets and are characterized by their large size and gaseous composition. They are primarily composed of hydrogen and helium and have no solid surfaces. The four gas giants in our solar system are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

Ice giants: 

Ice giants are similar to gas giants but are primarily composed of ices such as water, ammonia, and methane, along with rock and metal. They have lower mass and gravity than gas giants and have a distinct blue-green color. The two ice giants in our solar system are Uranus and Neptune.

Dwarf planets: 

Dwarf planets are similar to planets but have not cleared their orbits of debris and other objects, which is one of the criteria used to define a planet. They are typically smaller than the eight major planets and are found in the outer solar system. The five recognized dwarf planets in our solar system are Pluto, Ceres, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris.

Exoplanets: 

Exoplanets are planets that orbit stars outside of our solar system. They can be classified into several types based on their size, composition, and distance from their host star. Some of the most common types of exoplanets include hot Jupiters, super-Earths, and ice giants.

In conclusion, planets come in different types and sizes, each with its unique characteristics and properties. Understanding the different types of planets can help us better understand the formation and evolution of our solar system and the universe as a whole.